#1---"COULD DRINKING LEMON JUICE AND VINEGAR CAUSE THYROID AND KIDNEY PROBLEMS?"
Drinking lemon juice and vinegar in moderation along with a variety of other appropriate dietary items will not cause thyroid or kidney problems. In fact, vinegar or lemon juice added to some foods lowers the food's total glycemic index which is a scale that ranks carbohydrate-rich foods by how much they raise blood glucose levels compared to glucose or white bread. Scientists have found that drinking two tablespoons of vinegar before a meal was found to prevent blood sugar spikes.
#2---"WHAT DOES EARLY STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE MEAN?
Early stage kidney disease means that the kidneys are beginning to lose their ability to filter toxins. The kidneys normally remove waste products and extra fluid from blood. After the body metabolizes protein it forms a waste product called urea. If the kidneys aren't functioning appropriately then they can't get rid of the urea. So, it is necessary to reduce protein in the diet to avoid building-up excess urea in the blood. The diet used for the early stages of kidney disease controls the amount of protein and phosphorus.
The most common cause of renal disease is diabetic nephropathy, followed by hypertensive nephroangiosclerosis and various primary and secondary glomerulopathies.
Plasma concentrations of creatinine and urea (which are dependent on glomerular filtration) begin to rise as the kidney's glomerular filtration rate diminishes. Changes in creatinine and urea concentrations are minimal in early kidney disease; when the glomerular filtration rate falls below 6 mL/min/m2, levels increase rapidly and are usually associated with systemic manifestations (uremia).
Despite a diminishing glomerular filtration rate, sodium, and water balance is well maintained by increased fractional excretion of sodium and a normal response to thirst. Thus, the plasma sodium concentration is typically normal and hypervolemia is infrequent despite unmodified dietary intake of sodium. However, imbalances may occur if sodium and water intakes are very restricted or excessive.
Patients with mildly diminished kidney reserve are asymptomatic, and kidney dysfunction can be detected only by lab testing. A patient with mild to moderate renal insufficiency may have only vague symptoms despite elevated BUN and creatinine; nocturia is noted, principally due to a failure to concentrate the urine during the night. Lassitude, fatigue, and decreased mental acuity often are the first manifestations of uremia.
Neuromuscular features include coarse muscular twitches, peripheral neuropathies with sensory and motor phenomena, muscle cramps, and convulsions (usually the result of hypertensive or metabolic encephalopathy). Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, stomatitis, and an unpleasant taste in the mouth are present.
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